12 But to the rest I say, not the Lord, that if any brother has a wife who is an unbeliever, and she consents to live with him, he must not divorce her. 13 And a woman who has an unbelieving husband, and he consents to live with her, she must not divorce her husband. 14 For the unbelieving husband is sanctified through his wife, and the unbelieving wife is sanctified through her believing husband. For otherwise your children are unclean, but now they are holy. 15 Yet if the unbelieving one leaves, let him leave. The brother or the sister is not enslaved in such cases, but God has called us to peace. 16 For how do you know, O wife, whether you will save your husband? Or how do you know, O husband, whether you will save your wife?
17 Only, as the Lord has assigned to each one, as God has called each, in this manner let him walk. And so I direct in all the churches. 18 Was any man called when he was already circumcised? He is not to become uncircumcised. Has anyone been called in uncircumcision? He is not to be circumcised. 19 Circumcision is nothing, and uncircumcision is nothing, but what matters is the keeping of the commandments of God. 20 Each man must remain in that condition in which he was called.
21 Were you called while a slave? Do not worry about it. But if you are able also to become free, rather do that. 22 For he who was called in the Lord while a slave, is the Lord’s freedman. Likewise he who was called while free, is Christ’s slave. 23 You were bought with a price; do not become slaves of men. 24 Brothers, each one is to remain with God in that condition in which he was called.
25 Now concerning virgins I have no command of the Lord, but I give an opinion as one who by the mercy of the Lord is trustworthy. 26 I think then that this is good because of the present distress, that it is good for a man to remain as he is. 27 Are you bound to a wife? Do not seek to be released. Are you released from a wife? Do not seek a wife. 28 But if you marry, you have not sinned. And if a virgin marries, she has not sinned. Yet such will have trouble in this life, and I am trying to spare you. 29 But this I say, brothers, the time has been shortened, so that from now on those who have wives should be as though they had none; 30 and those who cry, as though they did not cry; and those who rejoice, as though they did not rejoice; and those who buy, as though they did not possess; 31 and those who use the world, as though they did not make full use of it. For the form of this world is passing away.
32 But I want you to be free from concern. One who is unmarried is concerned about the things of the Lord, how he may please the Lord. 33 But one who is married is concerned about the things of the world, how he may please his wife, 34 and his interests have been divided. The woman who is unmarried, and the virgin, is concerned about the things of the Lord, that she may be holy both in body and spirit. But one who is married is concerned about the things of the world, how she may please her husband. 35 Now this I say for your own benefit, not to put a restraint upon you, but to promote propriety and undistracted devotion to the Lord.
36 But if any man thinks that he is acting unbecomingly toward his virgin daughter, if she is past her youth, and if it must be so, let him do what he wishes, he does not sin; let her marry. 37 But he who stands firm in his heart, being under no compulsion, but has authority over his own will, and has decided this in his own heart, to keep his own virgin daughter, he will do well. 38 So then both he who gives his own virgin daughter in marriage does well, and he who does not give her in marriage will do better.
39 A wife is bound as long as her husband lives; but if her husband has fallen asleep, she is free to be married to whom she wishes, only in the Lord. 40 But in my opinion she is happier if she remains as she is. And I think that I also have the Spirit of God. 1 Corinthians 7: 12-40 LSB
1 Corinthians 7: 12-40
Vs. 12-16 To the rest I say, not the Lord - This is an interesting distinction, Paul does not roll through this leaving the impression that this is a direct revelation, and so I have heard some write off these places merely as opinion. I have chosen to cover a much larger section here because of this and mostly because of the context, everything here intersects. In verse 40 Paul explains the depth of his opinion, stating, "And I think that I also have the Spirit of God." He is deriving these opinions or doctrines from what has been clearly taught in Scripture, and by the guidance of the Holy Spirit. This is, as previously discussed, an answer to the Corinthians' questions to Paul concerning such matters. In verse 10 of the previous section of chapter 7 he says, "To the married I give this command (not I, but the Lord): A wife must not separate from her husband.' V. 11 continues, 'But if she does, she must remain unmarried or else become reconciled to her husband. And a husband must not divorce his wife." Note, the "not I, but the Lord", and this is a solid foundation to build the rest of our understanding from.
In verses 12 and 13 we see Paul teach that we are not to leave our unbelieving spouses. V. 14, because the unbelieving is sanctified by the believing, but don't confuse this with saved, as Paul clarifies this in v. 16, "how do you know whether you will save your unbelieving wife?" V. 15 tells us to let the unbelieving one leave if they want to, and in so far as your relationship to them you are free, but not to your children, for the Scriptures are clear about those who do not take care of their family.
MacArthur - This does not refer to salvation; otherwise the spouse would not be spoken of as unbelieving. The sanctification is matrimonial and familial, not personal or spiritual, and means that the unsaved partner is set apart for temporal blessing because the other belongs to God. One Christian in a marriage brings grace that spills over on the spouse—even possibly leading them to salvation. (Study Bible) - Precept Austin
MacArthur on otherwise your children are unclean, but now they are holy - The Christian need not separate from an unbeliever because of fear that the unbelieving spouse may defile the children. God promises the opposite. They would be unclean if both parents were unsaved, but the presence of one believing parent exposes the children to blessing and brings them protection. The presence of even one Christian parent will protect children from undue spiritual harm and they will receive many blessings, and often that includes salvation.
ILLUSTRATION - A young woman came up to me after the service one Sunday morning and told me that when she was growing up her grandmother was the only Christian in the family. The grandmother used to speak of her love for Christ and witnessed to the family in what she said and by what she did. Eventually, three of the four grandchildren came to know the Lord, and each one declared that their grandmother had the greatest influence on their decision for Christ. (John MacArthur) - PA
…15Has not the LORD made them one, having a portion of the Spirit? And why one? Because He seeks godly offspring. So guard yourselves in your spirit and do not break faith with the wife of your youth. 16“For I hate divorce,” says the LORD, the God of Israel. “He who divorces his wife covers his garment with violence,” says the LORD of Hosts. So guard yourselves in your spirit and do not break faith. 17You have wearied the LORD with your words; yet you ask, “How have we wearied Him?” By saying, “All who do evil are good in the sight of the LORD, and in them He delights,” or, “Where is the God of justice?”… Malachi 2: 15-17
…3Then some Pharisees came and tested Him by asking, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any reason?” 4 Jesus answered, “ Have you not read that from the beginning the Creator ‘made them male and female,’ 5and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’?…
…6So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let man not separate.” 7“Why then,” they asked, “did Moses order a man to give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?” 8Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because of your hardness of heart; but it was not this way from the beginning.… Matthew 19: 3-8
…7Give these instructions to the believers, so that they will be above reproach. 8 If anyone does not provide for his own, and especially his own household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever. 9A widow should be enrolled if she is at least sixty years old, the wife of one man,… 1 Timothy 5: 7-9
Vs. 17-24 And so I direct in all the churches - This was not a geographical thing, a thing of the time, this was a universal statement. We don't become saved and then say, I am out of here to our spouse, or even if a slave, our greater interest lies not in social justice but in serving God where we are at. In verse 21 he says, "if you are able also to become free, do that," because you are now the slave of Christ. People often think that slavery was always against someone's will, but often people sold themselves to indenturement, and people do similar today with heaping monstrous debts upon themselves, for the Bible tells us that the borrower is servant to the lender. Also he gives instruction not to come under the bondage of the ceremonial laws, the shadows that were fulfilled in Christ. Don't be detracted by Judaizers who come in and say that you have to be circumcised, that is not the case. The dietary restrictions had been lifted, as those were to keep the Jewish people separate from the world physically, but now that separation has entered the heart, so that we are in the world but not of it. We no longer make sacrifices because those were a mere shadow of what was to be fulfilled in the ultimate sacrifice, which was Christ. All those spotless lambs pointed to Jesus. He tells us, "don't become slaves of men", and that is both literal and physical, but also in ideology, don't bound yourself to what God is not saying.
…15Whoever strikes his father or mother must surely be put to death. 16Whoever kidnaps another man must be put to death, whether he sells him or the man is found in his possession. 17Anyone who curses his father or mother must surely be put to death.… Exodus 21: 15-17
8So although in Christ I am bold enough to order you to do what is proper, 9 I prefer to appeal on the basis of love. For I, Paul, am now aged, and a prisoner of Christ Jesus as well. 10I appeal to you for my child Onesimus, whose father I became while I was in chains.…
…11Formerly he was useless to you, but now he has become useful both to you and to me. 12 I am sending back to you him who is my very heart. 13I would have liked to keep him with me, so that on your behalf he could minister to me in my chains for the gospel.…
…14But I did not want to do anything without your consent, so that your goodness will not be out of compulsion, but by your own free will. 15For perhaps this is why he was separated from you for a while, so that you might have him back for good— 16no longer as a slave, but better than a slave, as a beloved brother. He is especially beloved to me, but even more so to you, both in person and in the Lord.…
…17So if you consider me a partner, receive him as you would receive me. 18But if he has wronged you in any way or owes you anything, charge it to my account. 19I, Paul, write this with my own hand. I will repay it—not to mention that you owe me your very self.…
…20Yes, brother, let me have some benefit from you in the Lord. Refresh my heart in Christ. 21Confident of your obedience, I write to you, knowing that you will do even more than I ask. 22In the meantime, prepare a guest room for me, because I hope that through your prayers I will be restored to you.… Philemon 1: 8-22
Vs. 25-35 Are you released from a wife? Do not seek a wife - Again Paul recognizes the freedom here, that you are not constrained to provide for a wife if you don't have one, and you may be solely focused upon the things of the Lord, the ministry, but again, in context, we know that this is a gift that not everyone has. Many people have looked upon the state itself as a sign of holiness and removed themselves from the world to live a monastic life, which is an invention of the religious deceived. The idea in this passage is first that one has the gift of celibacy, does not have the need or desire to marry, but will remain pure in this, as it is ungodly to pursue sexual relations outside of marriage. Secondly, it is not to go live in a monastery and chant all day, it is not to dress a certain way, or to be a part of some separate sisterhood or brotherhood that lives off the charity of others so you may be fully devoted to what you call godliness. Whether married or unmarried the priority should be the Lord within those context, but marriage is a transient thing, subject to time and space, and not the final state of eternity. One cannot throw off their obligations to God siting that they are married, no, you have to love your wife as Christ loved the Church and raise up your children in the nurture and admonition of the Lord. Pastors are most often married, and marriage, family is but an additional responsibility. He still must study, teach and guide the flock to the correct pastures, yet his family must also not be deprived.
Arnold - Paul is not saying marriage automatically brings trouble into one’s life, although many can testify to the fact that while marriage lifted some major pressures, it added many more cares: education, food, clothing, housing, bills, in-laws, etc. It may be more fun to live with someone else but it is certainly much more complicated. However, Paul is thinking about trouble in times of crisis due to persecution. It is one thing for a man to face persecution and even martyrdom, but it is quite another to bring this upon his wife and children. A man might be brave but turn coward at the sight of his wife and children being persecuted because of his personal faith in Christ. Paul’s point is that in times of crisis, single life has advantages. Singles can be more flexible, can adapt more readily to certain cataclysmic conditions, can pick up and move if necessary, and can act without handling the affairs of others for whom they are responsible. Paul is not putting down marriage but is suggesting that for some singlehood might be the better course to take because marriage increases responsibilities. - PA
36A man’s enemies will be the members of his own household.’ 37Anyone who loves his father or mother more than Me is not worthy of Me; anyone who loves his son or daughter more than Me is not worthy of Me; 38and anyone who does not take up his cross and follow Me is not worthy of Me.… Matthew 10: 36-38
1“I have told you these things so that you will not fall away. 2They will put you out of the synagogues. In fact, a time is coming when anyone who kills you will think he is offering a service to God. 3They will do these things because they have not known the Father or Me.… John 16: 1-3
…20For it will not be you speaking, but the Spirit of your Father speaking through you. 21 Brother will betray brother to death, and a father his child; children will rise against their parents and have them put to death. 22You will be hated by everyone because of My name, but the one who perseveres to the end will be saved.… Matthew 10: 20-22
Horatius Bonar - IF WE WOULD AIM AT a holy and useful life, let us learn to redeem time. "I am large about redeeming time," says Richard Baxter in the preface to his Christian Directory, "because therein the sum of a holy, obedient life is included." Yes; "let us redeem the time, because the days are evil" (Ephesians 5:16; Colossians 4:5). A wasted life is the result of unredeemed time. Desultory working, impulsive giving, fitful planning, irregular reading, ill-assorted hours, perfunctory or unpunctual execution of business, hurry and bustle, loitering and unreadiness - these, and such like, are the things that take the power from life, hinder holiness, and eat like a canker into our moral being. Misuse of time makes success and progress an impossibility, either in things temporal or spiritual.
There needs not to be routine, but there must be regularity; there ought not to be mechanical stiffness, but there must be order; there may not be haste, but there must be no trifling with our own time or that of others; "Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might" (Ecclesiastes 9:10). If the thing is worth doing at all, it is worth doing well; and, in little things as well as great, we must show that we are in earnest. There must be no idling, but a girding up of the loins; a running the race with patience; the warring of a good warfare. The call is to be "steadfast and. . .always abounding in the work of the Lord."
The flowers are constant in their growing, the stars are constant in their courses; the rivers are constant in the flowing - they lose not time. So must our life be, not one of fits, or starts, or random impulses, not one of levity or inconstancy, or fickle scheming, but steady and resolute. We must be resolute men and women, those who know their earthly mission and have their eye upon the heavenly goal. - PA
Vs. 36-38 If she is past her youth - No longer a child. The father does no wrong in letting his daughter marry if that is her wish, but I think this passage is also important because it should not be our goal and aim to be match making, pushing our children towards marriage, highlighting that some have the gift of singleness. Some fathers in that time probably felt compelled to marry them off because who will take care of her when I die? Giving your daughter in marriage you do well, but keeping her you do better. Notice, he keeps her, he doesn't send her off to a monastery to live with a bunch of other women or to be bothered by creepy "priests". We need to remember that some, not many, will have that gift and we shouldn't try to pressure them away from it. We should also be praying that when our children do want to marry that they find those to which they can honor God with by being equally yoked.
13As a fair exchange, I ask you as my children: Open wide your hearts also. 14Do not be unequally yoked with unbelievers. For what partnership can righteousness have with wickedness? Or what fellowship does light have with darkness? 15What harmony is there between Christ and Belial? Or what does a believer have in common with an unbeliever?… 2 Corinthians 6: 13-15
Vs. 39-40 A wife is bound as long as her husband lives - After this she is free to remarry or to remain single. Paul states that she will probably be happier at this point remaining single, because she will no longer have the responsibilities that come with marriage nor being under the headship of a husband. She can serve the Lord now outside of the prior arrangement.
Jon Courson - Throughout the centuries, people have read I Corinthians 7 and concluded that, because he speaks so highly of the single state, Paul has a problem with marriage. But that is because they fail to take into account Paul’s full counsel—for in his letter to the church at Ephesus, Paul elevates marriage to a place of utmost glory when he uses it as an illustration for no less a relationship than that of Christ and the Church.
The way a husband lays down his life for his wife and the way a wife submits to her husband is a powerful illustration which can be seen on every street in every neighborhood. Bunches of people aren’t into church, so the Lord brings the Church to them through the illustration of marriage wherein people see how much He loves the Church and how the Church submits to Him. It’s an awesome responsibility for all who are married. That is not to say people need to see perfection—just something remarkably different than what they see in society.
And yet, as seen here in I Corinthians 7, Paul says singleness has its own unique beauty, its own important role to play in the Body. The single state is not to be looked down upon, dreaded, or merely endured. Those who are called to a single life or who find themselves in a single state fulfill a very real function—to serve the Lord with spontaneity and without distraction.
Marriage is a picture, but, in a sense, singleness can be the reality—for it is the single person uniquely who can say, ‘I am married to You, Lord. You are my Husband, my Love, my best Friend. And I will be devoted to you single-heartedly for as long as You have me in this state.’
Whether single or married, widowed or divorced—be content wherever God has you. And whatever your position, make Jesus your passion. (A Day's Journey)